Optimal design of hydroelectric projects in Uttara Kannada, India
نویسندگان
چکیده
The planning of water resources depends on the type and size of projects, the ecological factors involved, etc. Emphasis is placed on presenting an overview of water resources through meteorological, hydrological, ecological and economic data. Economic data include all costs and benefits, specifically those hitherto under estimated, environmental social costs and benefits. This study was carried out on the Bedthi and Aghnashini rivers in the Uttara Kannada district of the Western Ghats region, Karnataka State, India. It is estimated that 720 and 510 million kWh of electricity can be generated in Bedthi and Aghnashini River basins, respectively, if all the streams are harnessed. Focusing on land submergence impact, a model is proposed to minimize submergence and maximize net energy in a region with seasonal power generation, reservoir storage capacity (to meet the region's demand during all seasons) and installed generation capacity as the decision variables. Net energy analyses incorporating biomass energy lost in submergence show that maximization in net energy at a site is possible if the hydroelectric generation capacity is adjusted according to the seasonal variations in the river's water discharge. A Decision Support System (DSS) used for optimal design of hydroelectric projects in Uttara Kannada district is discussed. Un système d'aide à la décision pour la conception optimale de projets hydroélectriques en Uttara Kannada Résumé La planification des ressources en eau dépend de la nature et de la taille des projets, du cadre écologique, etc. Nous avons surtout voulu présenter ici un panorama concernant les ressources en eau à travers des données météorologiques, hydrologiques, écologiques et économiques. Les données économiques incluent tous les coûts et bénéfices, en particulier ceux qui ont jusqu'ici été négligés, de même que les coûts et bénéfices environnementaux et sociaux. Cette étude a été entreprise sur les rivières Bedthi et Aghnashini du district Uttara Kannada de la région Ghats occidentaux (Etat de Karnataka, Inde). On estime à respectivement 720 et 510 millions de kWh les quantités d'électricité pouvant être produites par les rivières Bedthi et Aghnashini si elles étaient totalement aménagées. En nous intéressant particulièrement à la submersion des terres, nous proposons un modèle minimisant les submersions et maximisant la production énergétique, les variables de décision étant la production saisonnière d'énergie, la capacité de stockage des réservoirs (devant satisfaire la demande en eau quelle que soit la saison) et la puissance installée. Un bilan énergétique incluant les pertes de production de biomasse résultant des submersions montre que la maximisation de l'énergie nette produite est possible si la puissance installée est adaptée au régime des débits. On examinera enfin un système d'aide à la décision utilisé pour la conception optimale des projets hydroélectriques de l'Uttara Kannada.
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تاریخ انتشار 2000